Bernina Serial Number Lookup
Bernina 830 Serial Numbers

~~~ THE NEEDLEBAR ~~~

Acknowledgements: History of Sewing and Household Sewing Machines Tavaro SA Geneva 1980. Elna Technical Reference Material. Knowledge accumulated during my time with Elna and in the Industry generally. Some Photographs from the NeedleBar Picture Library.

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History of Elna

Sewing Machines

Tavaro SA Geneva Switzerland

Bernina Serial Number Lookup

by Les Godfrey

The Spanish engineer Dr. Ramon Casas Robert returned to his parents' home in 1933 after completing his studies. Whilst at home he was asked to repair an old sewing machine, this gave him the opportunity to study the mechanism in which he became totally absorbed. He remembered he had friends who had a corset factory and paid them a visit. It is common belief that these friends may have also included an Aunt. He was astonished by the number of special industrial machines employed which had a cylindrical arm on which tubular pieces of fabric could be sewn. His inventor's mind quickly thought of the housewife and her need to repair trouser legs or sleeves; he realized that the dimensions of such a machine would need to be reduced. Thus the idea that gave birth to the first modern household sewing machine with a free arm was conceived. It is thought a working prototype had been completed by 1934. The machine design included a free arm, built-in motor and light. The carry case incorporated a unique feature having the shape of the free arm cut out of its side enabling the case to extend the sewing area.

The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War (July 1936 to April 1939) caused him to emigrate to Switzerland to continue the development of his machine. He at first with a group of business men formed a company named Electrina from which the Elna name is derived. However, in order to manufacture the machine it quickly became clear that more capital and modern well equipped workshops would be needed. After successful negotiations with Tavaro SA, Geneva, a manufacturer of precision timing mechanisms for the armaments industry, which resulted in Tavaro securing the rights to the machine and enlisting his services, work finally began. By 1940 the first machines were produced for the home market and were an immediate success.

Interestingly many of Ramon Casas Robert's patents were assigned to Mefina SA, Binningen in Switzerland. Later Mefina moved to Fribourg, Switzerland. It is unclear what the precise relationship between Mefina and Tavaro was, although Mefina Annual Reports are held in the Tavaro Archives.

With World War 2 now underway export of the machine did not commence until 1948. The Elna 1 as it became known, was in production until 1952, the exact number of machines produced is not known. It was finally replaced by the Elna Supermatic, an enormous leap forward in technology. The Star Series arrived in 1964, followed by the first of the compact Lotus Series in 1968.

Tavaro continued to develop the Elna brand, releasing the Elnapress in 1973, electronic machines in 1978, computer machines in 1989 and, as a consequence, underwent many expansions in production establishing themselves world wide. Unfortunately during the 1990’s with escalating development costs of new models and a slow down in sales, they went the way of other European manufacturers before them and finally in 1995 the company went into bankruptcy and was sold off.

The Elna name continued in the market place with machines being produced in Asia. In August 2006 the Janome Sewing Machine Company Ltd, in Tokyo, Japan acquired the worldwide operations of Elna International Corporation SA, Switzerland.

ELNA MODELS PRODUCED

1940 – 1952 Elna 1

Whilst the first Elna was not given a model number as such, it became known as the Elna 1, it is also known affectionately as the Grasshopper. Such was the soundness of its original design that only minor modifications were made during its production life. Early machines incorporated a brake pad on the knee lever which was later dropped. Other changes were the use of a slightly smaller motor resulting in a flat motor cover and changes to the carrying case.

Description as follows:

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Brake Pad

Portable Straight Stitch with Free Arm, built-in Motor and Light. Knee Control with Brake Pad, Horizontal Rotary Hook, drop-in Bobbin, Stitch Regulator situated on top of and at the end of the free arm. Light weight aluminium casting, Colour Green, unusual as the standard colour for this period was black with the usual gold decoration. The accessory box sat snugly behind the free arm. The Carrying Case fitted around the free arm enabling the case to extend the sewing area, a unique feature for the time.

Bernina Serial Numbers